农业工程学科的性质:农业工程学科的任务是从农业生产固有的特征和系统整体性角度来发展农业工程技术,它着重研究农业生物体和环境及工程措施之间的相互关系。不同国家由于经济、技术水平及社会背景差异,农业工程学科的发展战略有很大差别。 农业工程科学技术中的力学问题:在设计和研究农业工程装备和工艺中经常碰到各种力学问题,除传统的工程力学问题外,由于农业工程的对象主要是生物体,它们一般具有形状不规则、各向异性、气液固三态同时存在,并受生命现象规律约束等特征。虽然现代计算力学的理论和方法已大量用于农业工程问题的分析和计算,但农业工程仍有许多新的力学研究领域有待开拓。如在农机和农产品加工中要对作物及其他农业物料进行切割、粉碎、脱粒、分离、清选、分级、脱壳、脱皮、运输等作业;在拖拉机进行田间运输、牵引农机具工作时涉及土壤的变形、破坏、压实、摩擦、粘附等问题;在土水控制中要研究水在土壤、作物、大气连续体中输运的规律;在农业建筑及环境控制中既要研究农业建筑结构中的力学问题,也要研究环境控制中的空气动力学及传热和传质问题;在发展农业工程装备和技术中可以用现代力学方法分析动、植物的生理现象等等。 只有当农业工程科学技术成为广大农民、农学家、畜牧学家的? Nature of Agricultural Engineering: The task of agricultural engineering is to develop agricultural engineering techniques from the perspective of the inherent characteristics and systemic integrity of agricultural production. It focuses on the interrelationship between agricultural organisms and environmental and engineering measures. Due to differences in economy, technology and social background in different countries, there are great differences in the development strategies of agricultural engineering disciplines. Mechanical problems in agricultural engineering science and technology: In the design and study of agricultural engineering equipment and processes often encounter a variety of mechanical problems, in addition to the traditional engineering mechanics problems, because agricultural objects are mainly organisms, they generally have the shape of Rules, anisotropy, gas-liquid solid state exist at the same time, and are subject to the laws of life and other characteristics of the law. Although the theories and methods of modern computational mechanics have been widely used in the analysis and calculation of agricultural engineering problems, there are still many new fields of mechanics research to be opened up in agricultural engineering. Such as cutting, smashing, threshing, separating, clearing, grading, shelling, peeling and transporting crops and other agricultural materials in the processing of agricultural machinery and agricultural products; in the field of tractors transporting farm machinery and pulling agricultural machinery involved in soil The deformation, destruction, compaction, friction, adhesion and other issues; in soil and water control to study the water in the soil, crops, atmospheric continuum transport law; in agricultural construction and environmental control, it is necessary to study the agricultural building structure In the mechanical problems, but also to study the environmental control of aerodynamics and heat transfer and mass transfer problems; in the development of agricultural engineering equipment and technology can use modern mechanics methods to analyze the dynamic phenomena of plants and plants and so on. Only when agricultural engineering science and technology become the majority of farmers, agronomists, animal husbandry experts?