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Objective: Considerable controversy exists on the association between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and stroke risk.A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationship of retinal vein occlusion with stroke risk.Methods: PubMed,EMBASE and the Cochrane library databases were searched for prospective cohort studies with data on RVO and the risk of stroke.Studies were included if they reported adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of stroke from RVO.Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the key characteristics.Results: Six prospective cohort studies comprising 37,471 participants were included.Overall,participants with RVO at baseline,compared with those free of it,was associated with greater incident stroke risk (combined RR,1.50;95% CI,1.19-1.90) after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors.The results were more pronounced for stroke (RR 1.79,95% CI 1.44-2.22) in the subgroup with stroke history.The risk of stroke was significant in men (RR,1.17;95% CI,1.02-1.35) and nonsignificant in women (RR,0.93;95% CI,0.64-1.34).Both central RVO (RR 1.90,95% CI 1.46-2.48) and branch RVO (RR 1.79,95% CI 1.18-2.72) were associated with increased risk of stroke compared with those free of it.