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Objective Many CNS pathologies are associated with changes in the structure and function ofastrocytes.When the lesioned brain and spinal cord tissues undergo the repairing process, astrocytes reactivate and form glial scars that have a detrimental effect on neural regeneration.Understanding the molecular regulation of astrocyte development could help to prevent astrogliosis in CNS repairing.However, at present, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte development.In this study, we attempted to explore the functional role of miRNAs in astrocyte differentiation during development.Methods We generated the GFAP?/cre Dicerflox/flox mice line to block the miRNA function in differentiating astrocytes, and analyze the differential expression of glial specific molecular markers in the spinal cord between mutant and control mice.Results (1) Disruption ofmiRNAs delays astrocyte maturation; (2) Absence of miRNAs in astrocyte can interfere with oligodendrocyte myelination; (3) miRNAs contribute to the formation and maintenance of astrocyte structure and morphology.Conclusion miRNAs are important regulators of astrocyte development.