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对流层折射误差是限止外测跟踪系统精度的主要因素之一,本文旨在为建立真实的误差模型作了新的推求,导出了新的对流层折射量计算模式,其特点是把地面测量量同对流层引起的折射效应联系起来了。这些地面测量包括温度、湿度、压力以及用地面站上的辐射计测得的视在亮温和仰角,并且分析了模式的修正精度。利用复杂的射线描迹技术的计算结果同本文导出的模式计算结果进行了比较,还进一步用实测的结果对导出的模式作了初步验证分析。模式的计算过程简便省时,在天文测量、雷达定位及其有关的折射修正工作中,本模式能配合辐射计发挥实时修正的作用。
The tropospheric refraction error is one of the main factors that limit the accuracy of the external tracking system. The purpose of this paper is to make a new deduction for establishing a true error model, and to derive a new tropospheric refraction calculation model characterized by measuring the amount of the ground surface with the troposphere Caused by the refraction effect linked. These ground measurements include temperature, humidity, pressure and apparent bright temperature and elevation measured with a radiometer on the ground station, and analyzed the modal correction accuracy. Comparing the calculated results of the complex ray tracing technique with those calculated in this paper, we further validate the derived model with the measured results. The mode calculation is simple and time-saving. In astronomical measurement, radar positioning and related refraction correction, this mode can cooperate with the radiometer to play the role of real-time correction.