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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prognosis and the expression products of apoptotic inhibitor gene, survivin protein and mRNA in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and further the functions of surviving gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2.Immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ technique were used in detecting the survivin protein and mRNA in 44 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specimens, 30 chronic nasopharyngitis specimens as the control.Survivin gene in CNE2 cell line was interfered by shRNA (short hairpin RNA).The positive ratios of expression for survivin protein and mRNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 79.5% and 75.0% respectively, higher than those of control group obviously (p<0.01), and there is very good consistency between the two methods.The mean survival time of patients with survivin protein or mRNA of higher expression is shorter than it of patients with the lower expression products (p<0.01).The proliferation of CNE2 cell line is inhibited distinctly by the specifical shRNA that could interfere the survivin gene.The over expression of survivin gene plays an important role in onset and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and it will be helpful for prognosis appraisal of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.