Arbusucular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with majority of terrestrial plants and supply phosphorus and other nutrients to the host plant through extensive hyphal networks constructed in soil.AM fungi play an important role in plant growth under stressed conditions including saline-alkaline soil,being critical for promoting nutrient uptake and salinity tolerance of the host plant.Researches on indigenous AM fungal diversity associated with plant roots are,therefore,important to vegetation restoration in saline-alkaline soil;however,little information has been available regarding AM fungi working under such conditions.In this study,we collected several plant root samples with and without saline-alkaline stress in Anda,Heilongjiang,China,where soil productivity is low due to alkalization of soil,and investigated their AM fungal diversities using molecular ecological methods.