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Objective To study the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) transfected with nuclear receptor related factor 1 (Nurr1) gene into dopaminergic neurons and its behavioral exertion after transplanted into the striatum of Parkinsons disease (PD) rats.Methods The unilateral PD rats were prepared by the rat brain stereotaxic technology using single-point injection of 6-OHDA into the right medial forebrain bundle.The recombinant pEGFP-N1-Nurrl was transfected into NSCs through elctroporation, and the expression of Nurr1 gene was detected by RT-PCR.The NSCs were labled with DIL and transplanted into the right striatum of PD rats.Apomorphine-induced rotation test was performed to observe the behaviour amelioration after transplantation.And the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was detected by immunofiuorescence labeling.Results PD rats appear typical rotations, and the rate of success was 62%.Nurr1 gene was overexpressed after transfected with recombinant plasmid.After transplantation, the behaviour of PD rats did not ameliorate obviously in sham and NSCs groups.DIL positive cells could be observed in NSCs group, but few of them exhibited TH positive; In Nurr1 group, the rotations of PD rats began to decrease at the sixth week after transplantation, and there were many DIL/TH double-labeled neurons in transplanted area.Conclusion Overexpression of Nurr1 could induce the differentiation of NSCs into TH positive dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of PD rats, and ameliorate the behavioral function of PD rats.