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白蛋白分子量为69000 (α),等电点为4.88.正常情况下,血浆通过肾小球的滤过,肾小球滤液中仅有少量的蛋白质(主要是白蛋白)约0.02-0.03g/dL,但绝大部分被肾小管重吸收.因此,尿液中含有极微量的蛋白,每日排出量约40-100毫克,用一般定性试验不能测出,当尿蛋白质含量超过0.01g/dL时,才能测出.而当发现蛋白尿时,已不属肾脏损伤的早期,为了及早发现由各种病因所致的肾脏损伤,已建立了一系列免疫化学法定量测定正常人及疾病时尿中白蛋白.本文对尿中白蛋白定量与肾脏损伤的临床意义作一综述.
Albumin has a molecular weight of 69,000 (α) and an isoelectric point of 4.88. Normally, plasma passes through the glomerular filtration with only a small amount of protein (mainly albumin) in the glomerular filtrate of about 0.02-0.03 g / dL, but most of the tubular reabsorption.Therefore, urine contains a trace amount of protein, daily discharge of about 40-100 mg, with the general qualitative test can not be measured when the urinary protein content of more than 0.01g / dL When it can be measured.While proteinuria is found, it is not early kidney damage, in order to early detection of kidney damage caused by various causes, has established a series of immunochemical method for the determination of normal and disease urine Albumin.In this paper, the clinical significance of urinary albumin and renal damage were reviewed.