Spinal cord injury is conventionally handled orthopedically, leaving the spinal cord untouched, and the recovery remains unsatisfactory.Following spinal cord contusion, different kinds of noxious substances of the primary injury diffuse out into its surrounding causing secondary injury, which expands continuously till the final irreversible stage is reached with a lesion size many fold of the primary injury and thickly walled up by astocytes.Thus, the logical solution would be to remove the necrotic lesion (debridement) at a relatively early stage, so that the expanding secondary injury can be stopped.Meanwhile, the emptied necrotic cavity will collapse reducing the pressure on the remaining nerve fibers, thereby creating a favorable environment for functional recovery of the spared nerve fibers.Based on this logic, an idea of early neurosurgery of spinal cord contusion was fomulated.Thirty ASIA-A patients were recruited and operated on.The operation was followed by 3 months of rehabilitation.At the end, 100% of the patients resumed certain walking ability, 43% were able to walk with a pair of crutehes or even without any rapport.The optimal operation time window was 4-14 days after injury.The problems that remain to be elucidated will be discussed.