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Development of open cut coal mining in Mongolia is dramatically advanced due to increasing not only domestic but also export demand; from 5 million tons in 2000 to 25 million tons in 2012.However, several geotechnical and environmental issues have occurred such as slope slide, failures and collapses in highwall/lowwall and dumping/stock piles since the geotechnical investigation and data are insufficient.Especially, the geotechnical investigation and data are insufficient in main coal deposits.This is main cause of current problems such as slope slides, failuresand collapses occurred at most open pit coal mines.In order to develop an appropriate mine design, these investigations have been conducted.In addition, the geological data has to be collected and urgent issues for further coal mine development were discussed.Dumping operation is one of the important works in open cut mines.Overburden is stripped in order to expose and extract coal seams and waste soil/rock is backfilled as internal and/or external waste rock dumping.Design of waste rock dumping must be considered carefully because failure of dumps directly affects the resource recovery, mine safety and mining cost.This paper describes the current conditions of Narynsukhait open pit coal mine and then discusses its geotechnical issues,and the design of stable waste rock dumping in open cut mining of desert area in Mongolia based on numerical analysis.