Being forced to confront ones own vulnerability and mortality in the peri-operative period can be extremely frightening.These emotions can intensify the perception of pain associated with invasive surgical procedures.This intensification of the perception of pain may result in the need for higher dosages of anesthetics and narcotics during procedures, which may delay the recovery process.Patients who are given a sense of control and psychological preparation can improve their physiological responses to surgical procedures.One practical therapeutic technique that can be used to ease stress and allow relaxation is music.Since ancient times music has been used for healing, but it was not until the twentieth century that music therapy established itself as an independent profession within the modem health care systems.The reciprocal relationship between music and brain function has been delineated over the past 15 years by connecting the fields ofneuroscience, music cognition, music therapy, and rehabilitation.