在日本,岛崎藤村的长篇小说《破戒》一直被作为自然主义大作倍加推崇,而在中国却是作为现实主义优秀作品来被介绍的,并且这种说法被大部分学者沿用至今。将其视为自然主义还是现实主义,还是模糊两种主义的界限作双重理解,其实一直是中日两国学者认识的分歧点。本文就这三种观点加以分析、对比,在此基础上提出第四种观点,即《破戒》是两者的矛盾综合体,并由此得出岛崎藤村在此作品中批判不彻底的结论。 In Japan, Shimazaki Fujimura’s novel The Disciption has always been highly regarded as a masterpiece of naturalism, but it has been introduced as a realist excellent work in China, and this view has been used by most scholars so far. To think of it as naturalism or realism or to blur the boundary between the two kinds ofism for a double understanding has in fact always been the point of disagreement that scholars of China and Japan have come to understand. This article analyzes and contrasts these three kinds of views. On this basis, I put forth the fourth viewpoint that “breaking the ring” is the contradictory complex of the two, and concludes that Shimazaki Takamura’s critique is not complete in this work .