美国法律文化最大的特点就是民众普遍信仰法治。在美国宪政体制中,法院通过行使审判权及时地维护和完善了美国宪法,从而使美国宪法能够不断适应变化的社会现实并持续地发挥调控作用。司法机关的这种调控作用渊源于美国古老的判例法传统,在此传统的影响下,美国联邦最高法院成为美国宪政制度的供给机关。本文试以美国黑人权利宪法保障制度变迁为视角,探索司法判例对美国宪政进程的影响及启示。 The most prominent feature of the American legal culture is that people generally believe in the rule of law. In the constitutional system of the United States, the court upholds and perfects the United States Constitution in a timely manner by exercising its judicial power so that the U.S. Constitution can constantly adapt to changing social realities and continuously play a regulatory role. The regulatory role of the judiciary stems from the ancient tradition of case law in the United States. Under this traditional influence, the Supreme Court of the United States has become the organ of supply for the constitutional system in the United States. This article tries to explore the influence and enlightenment of judicial precedent on the progress of constitutional government in the United States.