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Flexoelectricity is the generation of an electric field by a strain gradient via electro-mechanical coupling.Although it was first predicted in the 1960s,experimental studies had been little conducted on bulk solid materials due to considerably small amounts of the flexoelectric effects in the rigid bulk.Recently,however we demonstrated that the strain gradient in epitaxial HoMnO3(HMO)thin films could be 6 or 7 orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding bulk values.