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Indoor vertical farming,also known as "plant factory",is a highly controlled environmental system for plant production that utilizes multi-layer culture shelves with artificial lighting.Due to increasing urban populations and diminishing resources such as water and arable land,indoor vertical farming emerged as an alternative and supplementary food crop growing system to conventional field-based system.However,due to its high capital and operational costs,indoor vertical farming is currently limited to the production of high-value,quick-turning crops such as culinary and medicinal herbs,microgreens,baby greens,and leafy greens such as lettuce and transplants.Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of the most popular herbs in the United States,and its production under indoor vertical farming is gaining more popularity owing to a stable supply with high nutritional quality.This paper reviews the latest research on the effect of light conditions on basil growth and development and presents some of our latest research results on the effects of daily light integral,light quality (various combination of red and blue light vs.fluorescent and white light emitting diode),and ultraviolet (UV) light as a supplemental light before harvest on basil growth and nutritional quality.Our results demonstrate a great potential to enhance growth and nutritional quality of basil (as a model crop) through manipulation of the light environment under indoor controlled environment.