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分析研究地铁换乘站火灾烟气扩散的技术难点。以东直门换乘站车站为例,利用数值模拟手段研究站台和换乘大厅同时发生火灾的极端情况,得出该工况下的换乘站内重要出入口以及换乘通道内的烟气扩散速度以及温度分布。通过现场冷烟试验测得的换乘站典型断面风速数据以验证相应试验工况的数值模拟结果,从而验证数值模拟方法的合理性。研究表明:数值模拟研究大型地铁换乘站火灾扩散规律具有较高的可靠性;多点火灾时在换乘站部分出入口区域形成烟气互串现象,会严重影响人员的安全疏散。
Analysis and study of the technical difficulties of diffusion of smoke in the subway interchange station. Taking Dongzhimen Interchange Station as an example, numerical simulations were used to study the extreme cases of fire at the station and transfer hall at the same time. It was concluded that the main entrances and exits of the interchange station and the diffusion rate of flue gas in the transfer lane, distributed. The wind speed data of the typical section of the transfer station measured by the scene cold smoke test are used to verify the numerical simulation results of the corresponding test conditions so as to verify the rationality of the numerical simulation method. The results show that the numerical simulation is of high reliability in the fire diffusion of large subway transfer station. In case of multiple fires, a series of flue gas crosstalk occurs in some entrances and exits of the transfer station, which will seriously affect the safety of personnel evacuation.