The cadre of individuals who are living after a diagnosis of cancer is growing steadily.As many as 78% of pediatric patients and 60% of adult patients are alive five years following diagnosis where access to diagnostic and treatment capacity is high (Curtiss & Haylock, 2006).With the anticipated increase in the incidence of cancer around the world and the success of treatment approaches, it is anticipated this cadre will continue to grow.Unfortunately cancer survivorship does not come without cost.Cancer survivors experience late and long-term effects,both physical and psychosocial, that can compromise quality of life and increase the burden of suffering.Up to 75%of survivors have health deficits related to their treatments (Aziz & Rowland, 2003), more than 50% live with chronic pain (Lance Armstrong Foundation, 2004), 70% have experienced depression (Lance Armstrong Foundation, 2004),and between 18% and 43% have reported emotional distress (Vachon, 2006).Regardless of tumor type, survivors commonly report challenges that include living with fear and uncertainty;changes in family roles;alterations in selfimage and self-esteem;changes in comfort, physiological functioning, and mobility;alterations in cognitive functioning;changes in employment and recreation activities;and alterations in sexuality and fertility.Cancer survivors are a vulnerable population.Innovation is needed if cancer survivors are to overcome the barriers they experience and receive the care and support they need.Although interest in cancer survivorship had been growing steadily over the past decade, much remains to be accomplished.The development of programs in survivorship, oriented to helping individuals live well after their cancer treatment, is primarily a high resource country phenomenon.The relevance and applicability of the concept and programming across the world is yet to be fully explored within other contexts.Survivorship programs and service delivery may need to take very different forms in middle and low resource environments from the approaches currently being designed and implemented.Within their respective plans for cancer control, countries need to be taking survivorship issues into consideration.