本文叙述了,对复杂零件——曲轴,计算近似实际应力的方法。影响应力集中的因素有尺寸参数、轴颈过渡圆角半径、轴颈重叠度和曲臂的宽度厚度等尺寸,以及形状,如轴颈空心或实心,空心轴颈孔是圆柱形或桶形和孔与外径同心或偏心,以及曲臂形状等。本文收集了国内外前人的研究结果和作者自己试验,对各种因素而影响的应力集中情况,用曲线形式加以表示,对设计者具有参考价值。所谓结构,总是同时指尺寸和形状两者而言。自然,结构强度也应同时顾及这两个方面。对曲轴这个部件来说,轴颈直径、曲臂宽度、厚度、轴颈重叠度和过渡圆角半径即为尺寸参数。而曲臂形状、轴颈空心、卸载槽以及圆角形状则属形状参数。在过去的几十年中,研究曲轴尺寸参数对结构强度影响的工作较多,而研究形状参数影响者则较少。主要是侧重做了一些轴颈空心的实验研究。已有的尺寸参数影响研究结果,也由于实验具体情况的差异,如试件,加载及测试条件的不同,结果很不一致,甚至难于比较。这就使研究结果的应用受到限制。为此,我们进行了一些检验和补允实验,并对已有的一些研究结果做一点分析比较,以期对这些问题有进一步的认识,希望得到批评指正。 This article describes how to calculate the approximate real stress on a complex part - crankshaft. Factors that affect the stress concentration are the size parameters, journal transition fillet radius, journal overlap and crank arm width and other dimensions, and shapes such as journal hollow or solid, hollow journal holes are cylindrical or barrel-shaped and Concentric or eccentric hole and the outer diameter, as well as the shape of the crank. This paper collects the research results of predecessors both at home and abroad and the author’s own experiments, stress concentration on various factors, expressed in the form of a curve, has a reference value for the designer. The so-called structure always refers to both size and shape. Naturally, structural strength should also take into account both. For this part of the crankshaft, the journal diameter, arm width, thickness, journal overlap, and fillet radius are the dimensional parameters. The crank shape, journal hollow, unloading groove and the shape of the fillet is a shape parameter. In the past few decades, there have been more studies on the influence of crankshaft size parameters on the structural strength, but less on the study of shape parameters. The main focus is to do a few journal hollow experimental study. The existing size parameters affect the research results, but also due to differences in the specific conditions of the experiment, such as specimen, loading and testing conditions, the results are very inconsistent or even difficult to compare. This limits the application of the findings. To this end, we conducted a number of tests and complement experiments, and some of the existing research results do some analysis and comparison, in order to have a better understanding of these issues, hoping to get criticism and correction.