论文部分内容阅读
生姜(Zingiber officinale Rosc.)系姜科(Zingiberaceae)姜属(Zingiber)植物姜的新鲜根茎,为多年生草本植物,在我国有着悠久的药用历史。近年来,国内外学者已经从生姜中分离获得挥发油、姜辣素、二苯基庚烷类等多种化学成分。现代药理研究表明生姜具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、镇吐等活性。目前,生姜化学成分的研究主要集中在醇提物的脂溶性成分,而对其水溶性化学成分的研究较少。此外,文献检索也发现关于姜苗的化学成分少有文献报道。因此,本研究分别对生姜和姜苗60%丙酮-水提取物的水溶性成分进行较为系统的研究,以期进一步了解生姜和姜苗的化学成分,丰富植物姜的化学成分研究成果。本研究从生姜60%丙酮-水提取物中,通过反复使用MCI gel CHP 20P,TSK gel Toyopearl HW-40F,Cosmosil 75 C18-OPN等层析柱分离得到并鉴定出29个化合物。它们分别是:姜酮(1),[4]-姜醇(2),香草酸甲酯(3),(3S,5S’)-1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,5-decanediol(4),[6]-姜烯酚(5),[6]-姜醇(6),5R-3-Heptanone,5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)(7),α-Terpineol 8-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),1-(4–O–β–D–Glucopyranosyl–3-methoxyphenyl)–3,5-dihydroxy decane(9),5-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)decane(10),肉豆蔻苷D(11),5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-octane(12),Hydroxycineole-10-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(13),2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1,8-diol(14),甘草苷P(15),8-羟基甘露醇1-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(16),Vicodiol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(17),甘草苷O(18),Angelicoidenol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(19),姜黄素C(20),(2E,6R)-3,7-Dimethyl-2-octene-1,6,7-triol(21),(3R,6E)-3,7-dimethyl-8-hydroxy-6 octenoic acid 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(22),异它乔糖苷(23),熊果苷(24),(1R,3S,4S)-trans-3-Hydroxy-1,8-cineoleβ-D-glucopyranoside(25),trans-3,6-dihydroxy-1,8-cineole3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(26),5,9-dihydroxy borneol 2-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(27),(2E)-4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-ylβ-D-glucopyranoside(28),2-Propylβ-D-glucopyranoside(29)。其中,化合物12,26,27是新化合物;化合物8,11,15,17,18,21,25为首次从姜科植物分离纯化获得。从姜苗60%丙酮-水提取物中,通过反复使用MCI gel CHP 20P,TSK gel Toyopearl HW-40F,Cosmosil 75 C18-OPN等层析柱分离得到并鉴定出18个化合物。它们分别是:间苯三酚1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(30),Trans-feruloylmalate(31),6-hydroxypurine(32),6,7-Dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enoic acid(33),4,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(34),3,4-二羟基苯基β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(35),2,4-二羟基苯基β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(36),4-Hydroxyl-3,5-dimethoxyl-6-O-β-D-glucosebenzene(37),1,1-Dimethylprop-2-enyl 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(38),6-Hydroxy-2-O-β-Dglucopyranosylheptane(39),七叶树苷VII(40),假花粉苷(41),Kaempferol 3–rhamnosyl(1→6)glucose(42),Quercetin 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-Dglucopyranoside(43),Quercetin 3-O-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside(44),Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(45),Kaempferol 3-robinoside-7-rhamnoside(46),8-Oxogeraniol(47)。其中化合物31,33~41,43,47为首次从姜科植物分离纯化获得。