苦瓜良种繁制关键技术及其对种子贮藏潜能的影响

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通过研究露地条件下苦瓜春季栽培繁种方面的关键技术问题,找出比较理想的播种期、定植密度和留瓜方式,弄清播种期、定植密度和留瓜方式三个因素对苦瓜繁种产量的影响,了解气象因素变化对苦瓜整个生长期的影响作用规律:通过对所收获的苦瓜种子进行发芽率、千粒干重测定以及加速老化试验,综合评价苦瓜种子的质量水平和贮藏潜能。研究结果如下:   1.播种期试验表明,五个播种期中,2月22日、3月8日播种的苦瓜折667㎡种子产量比较接近且较高,因而2月22日至3月8日之间为适宜的播种期。   2.定植密度与留瓜方式试验表明,在一定范围内,定植密度越小,单瓜重量及单瓜种子产量越大,定植密度越大则对提高单位面积种子总产量有利,三个定植密度间单位面积种子产量差异未达到显著水平;定植密度与留瓜方式互作对单位面积种子产量没有影响。   3.苦瓜种子加速老化反应条件研究表明,45℃、120-144h是加速老化法检验苦瓜种子的合适条件。   4.通过对收获的苦瓜种子进行加速老化试验表明,播种期和播种密度对苦瓜种子的贮藏潜能没有影响,而采收前期的种子较采收后期的种子具有更好的活力。
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