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本文共有三章:第一章为规模种植铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)化学成分的研究;第二章为核桃(Juglans regia L)叶化学成分的研究;第三章综述了天然联苄类化合物的研究进展。第一章研究了规模种植铁皮石斛的化学成分。到目前为止,国内外学者对铁皮石斛的研究已经不胜其数,其研究成果更是数不胜数。随着人们的大量采挖,野生铁皮石斛已经濒临灭绝,对铁皮石斛大量的市场需求促使铁皮石斛在云南规模种植,目前,市面上多为种植铁皮石斛。为了研究规模种植铁皮石斛的化学成分及其与野生铁皮石斛化学成分的区别,能否代替野生资源入药。本章对德宏芒市规模种植的铁皮石斛化学成分进行了研究。铁皮石斛地上部分通过70%丙酮水和100%甲醇分别浸泡,乙酸乙酯萃取,经正向柱层析、凝胶柱层析、反相柱层析等分离手段得到69个化合物,其中5个新化合物。通过NMR等方法进行鉴定,化合物分别为:(±)-officinalol A(1),(±)-officinalol B(2),(±)-4-acetonyl-3,α-dihydroxy-4’,5-dimethoxy bibenzyl(3),officinalol C(4),officinalol D(5),densiflorol A(6),3-hydroxy-4’,5-dimethoxybibenzyl(7),amoenylin(8),gigantol(9),3,4-dihydroxy-4’,5-dimethoxy bibenzyl(10),3,4’-dihydroxy-5-methoxybibenzyl(11),batatasinⅢ(12),4,4’-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy bibenzyl,(13),3,4’-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybibenzyl(14),(S)-3,4,α-trihydroxy-5,4’-dimethoxybibenzyl(15),dendrocandin A(16),3,4,4’-trihydroxy-5-methoxybibenzyl(17),chrysotoxine(18),3-O-methylgigantol(19),tristin(20),dihydroresveratrol(21),3’,4,4’-trihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybibenzyl(22),moscatilin(23),9,10-dihydro-2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxyphenanthrene(24),cannabidihydrophenanthrene,(25),2,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(26),dendrocandin I(27),dendrofalconerols A(28),fimbriadimerbibenzyl E(29),fimbriadimerbibenzyl F(30),dendrocandin U(31),dendrocandin B(32),2-acetonyl-3-methoxy-5-[4-methoxyphenethyl]-o-benzoquinol(33),ficusal(34),naringenin(35),5,7,4’-trihydroxy-3’,5’-dimethoxy-flavanone(36),eriodictyol(37),3’-bis(3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran)(38),medioresinol(39),4-ketopinoresinol(40),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(41),isovanillin(42),pyrocatechol(43),4-hydroxyaceophenone(44),evofolin-A(45),E-1-(4’-hydroxyphenyl)-but-1-ene-3-one(46),methoyeugenol(47),methyl p-hydroxycinnamate(48),hydroquinone(49),3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol(50),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(51),3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxypropiophe-none(52),syringaldehyde(53),dihydroconiferyl alcohol(54),1-(6-hydroxy-[3]pyridyl)-propan-1-one(55),indole acid(56),(4S)-4-(2-methylbutyl)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-6-carbaldeh yde(57),N-transcinnamoyltyramine(58),paprazine(59),5-hydroxymethyl-1-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde(60),N-(3’-maleimidy1)-5-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrrole formaldehyde(61),loliolide(62),(3R,6S)-3-hydroxyl-a-ionone(63),5-hydroxymethyl furaldehyde(64),dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate(65),sinapyl p-coumarate(66),2’-acetyl-4,4’-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-carbaldehyde(67),grasshopper ketone(68)和4-acetonyl-3,5-dimerhoxy-p-quinol(69).其中化合物1-5为新化合物,化合物7,30,36,48,62,67为铁皮石斛种内首分,26,34,40,46,47,50,51,52,54,60,63,68,69为石斛属内首分。在已完成的实验中发现相对于野生铁皮石斛,规模种植铁皮石斛中联苄类化合物较多,而菲类化合物较少。第二章对核桃叶中的化学成分进行了研究。通过调研发现,国内外学者对核桃的研究多为核桃青皮,而对其它部位的研究较少。为了发现核桃叶中的化学成分,本文对采自大理漾濞的核桃叶进行了研究,分离纯化得到17个化合物,通过NMR等方法进行鉴定,化合物分别为:myricatomentogenin(1’),3’,4’’-epoxy-2-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3-methoxyphenyl)heptan-3-one(2’),pterocarine(3’),galeon(4’),juglanin C(5’),juglanin A(6’),engelheptanoxide A(7’),juglanin C(8’),sakuranetin(9’),5,4’-dihydroxy-3’,7-dimethoxyflavanone(10’),(4S)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone(11’),ferulyl aldehyde(12’),isosclerone(13’),frambinone(14’),loliolide(15’),dehydrovomifoliol(16’),2α,3β-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene(17’)。其中化合物10’,15’为属内首分。第三章综述了天然联苄类化合物的研究进展。