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通过廓尔喀(the Gurkha War)战争,英国获得了库玛翁(Kumaon)和噶瓦尔(Garwhal),英国领土有史以来第一次与中国皇帝主权统治下的领土接壤。正如波格尔(Bogle)和特纳(Turner,孟加拉政府首领黑斯廷斯在18世纪中后叶派往西藏的两个使团——译者)之行令我们熟悉了西藏其他部分一样,西部西藏(Western Tibet)的影响力也超越了其边界。由此,西部喜马拉雅山国(the Western Himalayan hill states)与拉萨产生了古老而复杂的联系。在英国控制下的新地域之中,库玛翁和噶瓦尔的部分土
Through the Gurkha War, the United Kingdom won Kumaon and Garwhal, the first time ever that British territory bordered on the territory under Chinese sovereignty. Just as Bogle and Turner traveled to familiarize ourselves with other parts of Tibet, as we did with Bourne and Turner, leaders of the Bangladeshi government Hastings in the mid-to-late 18th century, The influence of Western Tibet goes beyond its borders. As a result, the Western Himalayan hill states made an ancient and complex connection with Lhasa. Among the new territories under British control, some of Kumaron and Karwar