环境问题已日益成为全球普遍关注的焦点之一。伴随着工业文明的发展,人类以科技为动力,争先追求物质利益最大化,甚至不计伦理道德而牺牲他人及后代人的利益,生态环境正处于濒临崩溃和毁灭的边缘。早在马克思生活的时代,环境问题已经逐渐暴露出来,虽然马克思没有明确环境伦理的概念,也没有专门的论著,但通过对马克思的著作文本进行系统地解读,能够清晰地看到其中所蕴藏着的关于环境伦理方面的丰富而深刻的思想。马克思富有前瞻性的环境伦理思想将人与自然之间伦理关系放到社会历史和生产关系中去考察,为解决人类环境问题提供了积极的理论指导,为处理好人与自然关系问题指明了方向。在当代,促进经济可持续发展、构建人与自然和谐相处的环境友好型社会已成为人类共同的诉求,加强对马克思的环境伦理思想的研究具有重要意义。 Environmental issues have increasingly become one of the common concerns of the world. With the development of industrial civilization, mankind has taken science and technology as its driving force, striving for the maximization of material benefits, and even sacrificing the interests of others and future generations regardless of ethics. The ecological environment is on the verge of collapse and destruction. As early as in Marx’s life, the environmental problems have been gradually exposed. Although Marx did not clearly define the concept of environmental ethics and did not devote any special treatise, Marx can clearly see the contents of Marx’s writings through its systematic reading Rich and profound thoughts on environmental ethics. Marx’s forward-looking environmental ethics puts the ethical relationship between man and nature in social history and production relations and provides a positive theoretical guide for solving the problems of human environment. He pointed out the direction for handling the relationship between man and nature. In the contemporary era, to promote sustainable economic development and to build an environment-friendly society in which people and nature live in harmony has become a common aspiration of mankind and it is of great significance to study Marx’s environmental ethics.