洋务运动时期 ,大批西方人员络绎东来 ,渗透到中国社会的各个领域 ,但“其影响在教育方面为最”。他们或对传统教育提出了批评 ,或对新式教育提出了建议 ,或直接参与新式教育的实践 ,正确认识在特定的历史环境下这个特殊的群体在中国教育变革中所扮演的角色是十分必要的。笔者认为 ,这个特殊群体在中国的教育变革中充当了“双面人”的角色 ,一方面由于知识上的优越性和地位上的特殊性 ,他们对中国教育的近代化起了催化作用 ,另一方面 ,由于价值观和利益观的不同 ,他们的一言一行又客观上削弱了中国教育近代化的效果 During the Westernization Movement, a large number of western personnel were pouring in and penetrating into all fields of Chinese society, but “their influence is the most in education.” They criticized traditional education or proposed new education or took part in the practice of new education directly, and it was necessary to correctly understand the role played by this particular group in the educational reform in China in a given historical environment. . The author believes that this special group has played the role of “two-sided man” in the educational reform in China. On the one hand, due to their superiority in knowledge and position, they play a catalytic role in the modernization of education in China. On the other hand, On the one hand, due to the differences in values ​​and interests, their words and actions have objectively weakened the effectiveness of China’s education modernization