Accelerated economic development and enhanced living standards in China have led to the generation of more municipal solid wastes（MSW）.The application proportion of incineration technology has been increased year by year because of its advantages such as volume reduction,mass reduction and toxicity reduction.Decentralized domestic solid waste thermal treatment technology has the advantages of reducing waste transportation cost,reducing the degree of reduction and volume reduction and selecting site easily.In recent years,it has been widely used in mountainous areas and other places in China.The decentralized domestic solid waste thermal treatment equipment has largely solved the problem of many rural domestic solid wastes,but there are still many problems to be further confirmed,especially whether the“three wastes”emissions generated during the processing of such equipment can be stably achieved national emission standards?It is directly related to the key to the promotion of this type of technology.This paper has studied the emissions and control technologies of bottom slag,tar,heavy metals and dioxins generated during the thermal treatment of typical decentralized domestic solid waste thermal treatment,and has understood the environmental risks of pollutant emissions during thermal treatment of decentralized domestic solid waste.And it is of great significance to increase the level of pollutant emissionsFirstly,the decentralized domestic solid waste thermal treatment equipment developed by a company is the research object.Through the domestic solid wastes classification and component adjustment,the three types of domestic solid wastes with different components,paper,kitchen and mixed domestic solid wastes combustion process are studied.The processing efficiency and heat distribution of the medium thermal treatment equipment changes.It is proved that the physical and chemical properties of garbage are the decisive factors affecting the combustion temperature of waste.The most important physical and chemical property index is the low heat value of wet base.Secondly,by analyzing the physicochemical properties of two typical domestic solid waste combustion bottom slags,it is indicated that the bottom slag contains a certain amount of cement raw material components,such as CaCO₃,Al₂O₃,SiO₂,MgO,etc.,which can be used as substitute raw materials for cement production;The heavy metal content indicates that the heavy metal content of the two kinds of domestic solid waste bottom leaching liquid is lower than the limit standard of the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste（GB16889-2008）,which meets the basic requirements of landfill;the two types of domestic solid waste are indicated that the bottom slag leachate causes zebrafish mortality to be less than 20%and low in biotoxicity by studying the biological toxicity of zebrafish.It is proved that the combustion bottom slag produced by the thermal treatment equipment has a low ecotoxicity risk and can be finally disposed of in landfill or comprehensively utilized.Thirdly,the treatment performance of the absorption liquid to produce flue gas was evaluated.The results show that the flue gas treatment system of the thermal treatment equipment can effectively remove dust and tobacco tar.The spray water use period is 9-10 days,and the saturated COD is about 8000 mg/L.The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is maintained at 60-70%;the removal efficiency of total phosphorus is maintained at about 80%.By adjusting the pH of the wastewater and adding the coagulant,the heavy metal Zn in the absorption liquid can be effectively removed to realize the regeneration and recycling of the absorption liquid;The regeneration performance of the adsorbent tar oil wastewater indicates that the activated coke can adsorb the organic matter in the tar wastewater,and the optimal dosage is100g/L.The saturated adsorption time is 1h at 30°C,and the regeneration cycle can be used 7 times.The organic process of activated coke adsorption tar wastewater accords with the Freundlich isotherm model,and the adsorption efficiency for COD is about 62%.Finally,the flue gas purification performance of the flue gas trickling filter matched with the decentralized domestic solid waste heat treatment equipment is investigated.The content of VOCs in the flue gas treated by the trickling filter tower is less than 500ppm,which is lower than the Integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing（DB11/501-2007）.Under the action of the drip filter tower,the nitrogen oxides,sulfur oxides,hydrogen chloride and dioxins of the flue gas all meet the emission standards of the Standard for pollution on the municipal solid waste incineration（GB18485-2014）.Under the acclimation of flue gas,the microorganisms in the drip filter system enhanced the ATPase activity,increased the proportion of live bacteria,and enriched the dominant strains Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Chlorobi,and enhanced the removal performance of dioxin pollutants.In summary,the decentralized domestic solid waste thermal treatment equipment can achieve the harmlessness and reduction of waste under the conditions of proper control of combustion conditions and complete improvement of wastewater and waste gas treatment equipment,and the“three wastes”emission indicators can meet the relevant national emission standards.