The study of catalytic activity and reaction mechanism for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on n

来源 :东华大学 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:raulhm
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
Extra emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, induced by human industrial activities, has been considered one of the primary causes in possible global warming due to the greenhouse effect, and also becoming an increasing concern in recent years.To address this issue, using electrochemical reduction to convert CO2 to low carbon fuels (methane, methanol, formic acid, and ethylene) represents a value-added approach to the simultaneous generation of alternative fuels and environmental remediation of carbon emissions from the continued use of conventional fuels.Actually, it seems that the electrochemical reduction of CO2 would be an ideal energy storage strategy in converting undesired CO2 into useful fuels using electricity from renewable sources such as hydro-electrical, solar, wind, tidal/wave, and ocean-thermal energy.  However, because of the slow electrode kinetics of CO2 electroreduction, large negative overpotential is required which not only causes low energy efficiency but also induces high hydrogen evolution at such negative electrode potentials.Therefore, effective electrocatalysts are highly desired in order to reduce overpotentials.  An effective electroeatalyst should be process the following three important factors, i.e.,activity, stability and the product selectivity.In this regard, the copper and its oxides have been  reported as the unique metal catalysts for CO2 electroreduction in aqueous electrolytes, since the component elements are plentiful and environmentally friendly compared to Pb and Hg.However, the current efficiency of Cu was still limited by the relative large overpotential and, the selectivity of the production was also not satisfied.Additionally, the deactivation of Cu electrodes in CO2 reduction was found to be fast in aqueous solutions.Given all these unfavorable attributes, improvement in both the activity and stability of the Cu metal-based electrcatalysts for CO2 reduction are definitely essential in terms of practical applications.In fact, the performances of Cu-based electrocatalysts are strongly affected by the synthesis methods and the pretreatment procedures.This is because different methods and the pretreatment procedures could produce different morphologies with different microstructures.It has been reported that the thermal process could produce Cu2O film, which was then subsequently electroreduced into metal Cu surfaces, resulting in a stable catalyst with favorable energy-efficiency in CO2 reduction.On the other hand, different types of Cu-oxide electrocatalysts showed different current efficiencies in KHCO3 electrolyte, for example, the cuprous oxide (Cu2O) could give the highest efficiency.Although all Cu oxides could be reduced into metal Cu at negative potentials, different Cu oxides with different morphologies might give different surface structures and surface areas, thus leading to different catalytic activity and stability as well as selectivity.  In this thesis, by a combined thermal-electroreduction approach, the hybrid Cu nanostructures from CuO-Cu2O oxide films prepared on Cu substrates was demonstrated to afford high catalytic activity for CO2 electroreduction.Because the Cu nanostructure contains two surface morphologies of sphericity-nanofibers, it is expected to contribute the Cu electrode high surface area and active phase, which is superior active for CO2 electroreduction to previously  investigated, according to both onset potential and maximum current density along with the high stability of Cu electrode as well.
其他文献
随着人民生活水平的逐步提升和工业生产近几年来迅猛地发展,水体环境污染问题与人们日渐提高的生活水平和各行业之间矛盾也日渐突出。水体污染主要来源于城市的生活污水的排放和工业废水。染料废水量大并且处理工艺复杂,成为水体环境主要污染源之一。染料废水大多数体现出抗氧化性、抗光解性的特性,使得染料脱色加大,不易降解。各行业的迅速发展造成的过量染料废水的排放,对环境造成了不可逆转的危害,因而研究一种高效和高选择
请下载后查看,本文暂不支持在线获取查看简介。 Please download to view, this article does not support online access to view profile.
目前,多相光催化研究较多、活性较高的TiO2和ZnO等宽禁带半导体材料,仅能被紫外光激发。而实际到达地表的太阳辐射能量集中于460~500nm波长范围,紫外成分(300-400nm)不足5%,因此如何高效利用自然光进行光催化反应,开发能够被可见光激发的光催化剂正日益引起人们的兴趣。FeVO4作为一种新型可见光响应型光催化材料,由于具有较高可见光催化活性、较窄能隙等优点引起了人们广泛的关注。本论文鉴
粉末冶金是以金属粉末或者混合粉末(金属粉末与非金属粉末混合而成)为原料,经成形和烧结制备各种类型材料和制品的工艺过程。压制成形是粉末冶金生产的一个重要环节。传统的压
为解决类石墨型Cr-C二元非晶碳膜热氧化抗力不足、极限服役温度仅300℃左右的问题,在继承其“纯Cr打底层/Cr-C成分过渡层/微量掺Cr的a-C工作层”层梯度结构基础上,本文提出以
本文通过对荣华二采区10
期刊
期刊
本论文主要利用透射电子显微学对锗纳米颗粒的微观结构进行了研究。主要围绕不同制备条件(离子注入剂量、后续退火温度、退火时间)下生成锗纳米晶的微观结构和缺陷结构开展研
我国水体氨氮污染问题形势严峻,脱氨是水环境治理中的重要内容。生物脱氨作为最经济高效的方法已被广泛使用。氨氧化细菌是污水处理系统中脱氨的主要微生物,其对环境条件极度敏感,生长缓慢,因此氨氧化成为了污水脱氮的限速步骤。为了提高氨氧化效率,本研究从垃圾渗滤液中分离筛选得到了一株亚硝化单胞菌,并探究了其发酵菌剂在多种不同类型污水(地表水)中的氨氧化效果。主要研究结果如下:(1)本文采用16S rDNA高通
学位
颗粒增强铝基复合材料因其具有各向同性、易加工制造、高强度、耐高温等优异性能,被广泛应用于航天航空、汽车等领域。但是传统的颗粒添加方式均为外加法,增强相的尺度受到起始粉末尺寸的限制,很少小于1μm,还存在增强体与基体之间发生界面反应,以及由于增强体表面污染导致的与基体的润湿性差等问题。为了获得细小、弥散分布且热力学稳定的颗粒,进一步提高铝合金的力学性能,本论文采用原位合成技术制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料