棉花染色体细胞学标记的开发及其着丝粒DNA序列的分析

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棉花是世界上重要的纤维作物,同时也是研究植物多倍化演化的模式材料。由于四倍体陆地棉染色体数目多(2n=52)且染色体长度较短,缺乏明显的表型区别,因此,难以开展染色体的识别与深入的核型分析。本研究通过筛选人工染色体BAC克隆,获得了一套位于异源四倍体陆地棉26条染色体不同臂的特异BAC。在此基础上,结合着丝粒特异的BAC 97G20和拟南芥端粒特异的序列标记,对陆地棉进行了染色体的精细识别。结果发现:最长染色体是A亚组的10号染色体,长度是3.51 μm(131.0Mb)占比是5.40%。最短的染色
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