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一般认为,基督教摒弃了犹太教狭隘的民族主义而形成自己独特的普世思想。但是这种笼统的看法忽略了犹太教后期发展起来的“第二以赛亚”思潮。“巴比伦之囚”后的以色列,发展出两种截然不同的宗教观、民族观和上帝观,圣经先知书充分勾勒出了这两种观念。比较这两种思潮,不仅有助于发掘基督教普世思想的源头,对犹太教有一个更为清晰的认识,而且对当今世界日益尖锐的民族矛盾与宗教冲突有一个更为客观的评价。
It is generally believed that Christianity abandoned its narrow nationalism and formed its own unique universal thought. However, this general view overlooks the “second Isaiah” trend developed in the late Judaism. Israel, the prisoner of Babylon, developed two completely different religious concepts, concepts of nation and God, and the prophetic books of the Bible have fully outlined these two concepts. Comparing these two kinds of thoughts not only helps to find out the source of the universal Christian thought, but also has a clearer understanding of Judaism and a more objective assessment of the increasingly sharp ethnic conflicts and religious conflicts in the world today.