中国城市转型最主要的特征是单位制的解体,以及随即进行的社区建设。自上世纪90年代早期以来,伴随着一场基于邻里关系开展的社区建设运动的兴起,多样化的社区建设实践形式涌现,城市社区变化显著。虽然同时期已有大量的文献记录了此次转变,但对社区空间概况的形成过程进行动态、详细分析的论著却寥寥无几。本文认为,近年来政府优先发展社区建设,促进了社区自治和自我治理的发展。传统行政权力与新出现的社区自治权力间的相互作用,共同推动着中国城市基层权力结构的转变。而深圳社区治理的“盐田模式”示范了该转变的过程,即社区治理改革体现出上述两种不同权力间的相互作用,而此种相互作用可能对中国城市的国家—社会关系具有长期深远的影响。 The most important feature of China’s urban transformation is the disintegration of the unit system and the consequent community building. Since the early 1990s, with the rise of a community-building movement based on neighborhood relations, diverse forms of community-based construction emerged and urban communities changed significantly. Although a large number of documents have documented this change over the same period, few, if any, analyzes of the dynamic and detailed analysis of the formation of the community space profile were made. This paper argues that in recent years, the government has given priority to the development of community construction, which has promoted the development of community autonomy and self-governance. The interaction between the traditional administrative power and the emerging power of community autonomy will jointly promote the transformation of grassroots power structure in Chinese cities. However, the “Yantian Model” of community governance in Shenzhen demonstrates the process of change. That is, the community governance reform reflects the interaction between the two different powers, and such interaction may have long-term effects on the country-society relations of Chinese cities profound influence.