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文章从跨方言(兼及汉语史和民族语言)视角讨论汉语指代词的若干库藏类型学特征。主要关注指示词、人称代词,并论及指代词库藏背景下的反身代词。文章首先指出汉语方言指示词的主要类型以指示代词兼指示形容词为一端,以基本指示词只能修饰量词另一端,体现了量词显赫型语言的特点。类型学关于指示代词和指示形容词合还是分的分类法对汉语方言不适用。接着讨论了指示词的距离范畴、数范畴、本体范畴的方言差异。然后分析了指示词和人称代词的相关性及人称范畴的数范畴和个别方言的格范畴。最后讨论汉语指代词和反身代词尤其是第一人称代词的库藏联系,分析了与这一联系相关的汉语反身代词的一系列特殊表现——远距离回指与情景指、强调用法和定语用法等非论元用法优先,及其亲邻语言的类似表现。
The article discusses several Tibetan typological characteristics of Chinese deixis from the perspective of cross-dialect (both Chinese history and national language). Mainly concerned with the demonstratives, personal pronouns and the reflexive pronouns in the context of the reference pronoun. The article first points out that the main types of Chinese dialect deixis indicate the pronouns and the indicated adjectives as one end, the basic demonstratives can only modify the other end of the quantifiers, and embody the characteristics of the quantifier prominent language. Typology does not apply to Chinese dialects as the taxonomy of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. Then we discuss the dialect difference of the distance category, the number category and the ontology category of the directives. Then it analyzes the relativity of the demonstratives and personal pronouns and the categories of personal categories and the categories of individual dialects. Finally, it discusses the relation between the Chinese and reflexives, especially the first personal pronouns, and analyzes a series of special manifestations of the Chinese reflexives related to this connection - long-distance anaphora and situational references, emphasis on usage and attributive usage. On the use of the yuan priority, and similar expressions of their neighbors language.