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共犯是因为通过正犯引起了违法结果(法益侵害)所以才受到处罚,正犯是直接侵害法益,而共犯则是间接地侵害法益。换言之,处罚共犯的根据在于其通过正犯的行为,引起法益侵害或者构成要件该当事实。成立帮助犯,要求帮助行为促进了正犯的结果;反过来,成立帮助关系的脱离,要求帮助者切断对正犯结果的促进关系。帮助关系的脱离,是指同时消除已经实施的帮助行为与正犯结果之间的物理的因果关系与心理的因果关系,可以区分为物理帮助的脱离和精神帮助的脱离。判断帮助关系的脱离,应当采用客观归责理论。
The accomplice is punished only because of the infringement of the law (the infringement of the law and interests) caused by the principal offender. The principal offender is directly infringed upon the legal interests, while the accomplice indirectly infringes upon the legal interests. In other words, the basis for the punishment of an accomplice lies in the fact that it infringes upon the law-breaking interests or constitutes an important fact when it passes a guilty act. Helping prisoners set up, asking for help to promote the results of the principal offender; in turn, the establishment of the separation of help relations, asking helpers to cut off the promotion of positive consequences of the relationship. The detachment of the help relationship refers to the elimination of the causal and psychological causal relationship between the already implemented help act and the principal offender result and can be distinguished from the detachment of physical help and the detachment of spiritual help. To judge the detachment of the help relationship, an objective imputation theory should be adopted.