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过热器结渣问题是影响生物质电厂运行的重要因素之一,结渣影响锅炉换热效率,严重时发生爆管。国内某生物质电厂二级过热器结渣异常严重并且在布袋除尘器出口出现大量的白色物质。对白色物质进行热重和X-射线衍射分析,检测出白色物质为纯度很高的NH4Cl,对二级过热器结渣样品进行X-射线衍射分析证明其含有碱性的黏结灰成分KCl和NaCl。通过对棉花杆的成分分析和土壤成分分析,证明NH4Cl主要来源于燃料所夹带的土壤。探讨了NH4Cl在锅炉中的分解与形成过程,同时分析了NH4Cl与过热器结渣的关系,证明NH4Cl是引起过热器结渣的重要因素。
The problem of superheater slagging is one of the important factors that affect the operation of biomass power plants. Slagging affects the heat exchange efficiency of boilers and explodes when severe. Domestic biomass power plant secondary superheater abnormal slagging and bag filter exports appear a large number of white material. Thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis of the white matter were carried out, and the white matter was detected as NH4Cl with high purity. X-ray diffraction analysis of the second-stage superheater slag specimen showed that it contained basic cohesive ash components KCl and NaCl . By analyzing the composition of the cotton rod and soil composition analysis, it is proved that NH4Cl mainly comes from the soil which the fuel entrains. The decomposition and formation process of NH4Cl in the boiler were discussed. Meanwhile, the relationship between NH4Cl and superheater slagging was analyzed. It was proved that NH4Cl was an important factor in the superheater slagging.