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目的:评价及比较双相障碍维持期药物治疗策略的临床疗效。方法:对PubMed、EMBASE、PsycINFO、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据平台和中国生物医学文献数据库2019年11月21日前发表的有关双相障碍维持期单药或联合药物治疗的随机对照研究进行检索，治疗时间至少12周，选取复发患者占总治疗人数的比例作为临床疗效的结局指标。采用频率学框架（frequentists）的网络Meta分析（network meta-analyses，NMA）随机效应模型评估20种双相障碍维持期药物治疗（锂盐、丙咪嗪、锂盐+丙咪嗪、卡马西平、锂盐+卡马西平、丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、氟西汀、奥氮平、阿立哌唑、奥卡西平、喹硫平、锂盐+丙戊酸盐、利培酮长效针剂、拉莫三嗪+丙戊酸盐、阿立哌唑+拉莫三嗪、帕利哌酮、齐拉西酮、鲁拉西酮、喹硫平缓释剂）的临床疗效。由2位研究者按照纳入与排除标准共同进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后，采用Stata 14.0软件进行数据分析。结果:最终纳入40篇文献，共计10 431例患者，包含20种双相障碍维持期的药物干预方式。临床疗效方面，排序前五位依次为：鲁拉西酮、喹硫平、奥氮平、锂盐+卡马西平和阿立哌唑+丙戊酸盐。锂盐（n RR：0.78， 95%n CI：0.62~0.97）、奥氮平（n RR：0.51， 95%n CI：0.35~0.75）、喹硫平（n RR：0.50， 95%n CI：0.33~0.74）、鲁拉西酮（n RR：0.40， 95%n CI：0.19~0.83）显著优于安慰剂。n 结论:锂盐、奥氮平、喹硫平和鲁拉西酮单药治疗策略比安慰剂有效，其他单药和联合治疗策略尚有待证实。“,”Objective:Network meta-analyses (NMA) were used to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and acceptability of 20 maintenance treatment strategies for bipolar disorder (BD), such as lithium, imipramine, lithium+imipramine, carbamazepine, lithium+carbamazepine, valproic acid salt, lamotrigine, fluoxetine, olanzapine, aripiprazole, oxcarbazepine, quetiapine, lithium+valproic acid, risperidone long-acting injection, lamotrigine+valproic acid salt, aripiprazole+lamotrigine, paliperidone, ziprasidone, lurasidone, quetiapine sustained release.Methods:The Literatures were systematically searched from PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data (Wanfang), China biology medicine disc (CBMdisc) until 11/21/2019. Randomized controlled studies of the maintenance therapy with single or combination drugs for at least 12 weeks were selected. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who got recurrence in the total number of patients. Efficacy of pharmacological treatments was assessed during the maintenance treatment treatments by using a random-effects network meta-analysis model within a Frequentists framework. Data analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 software.Results:40 studies covering with 10 431 patients were included, and 20 kinds of maintenance treatments for BD were performed. In terms of clinical efficacy, the top 5 treatments were lurasidone,quetiapine, olazanpine, lithium+carbamazepine, aripiprazole+lamotrigine.lithium (n RR:0.78, 95%n CI: 0.62-0.97), olanzapine (n RR:0.51, 95%n CI: 0.35-0.75), quetiapine (n RR:0.50, 95%n CI: 0.33-0.74) and lurasidone (n RR:0.40, 95%n CI: 0.19-0.83) were significantly superior to placebo.n Conclusions:Lithium, olanzapine, quetiapine and lurasidone may be more effective than placebo,.but the efficaly of other monotherapy and combination therapy strategies need to be proven.