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近年来，南美白对虾以具生长速度快、对环境适应性强、耐密养及抗病力强等特点，很快成长为我国对虾养殖的主要品种之一。但随着水产养殖集约化程度的不断提高，水环境污染逐渐升级，病害增多，特别是化学药物的滥用，致使养殖生态环境出现越来越恶化的态势因此，要促进南美白对虾养殖业可持续发展，必须应用现代生物技术，注重池塘人工生态系统的培育，发展生态养殖。在生态养殖中，必须首先重视以下几个问题：
In recent years, Penaeus vannamei has quickly grown to become one of the main species of shrimp farming in China due to its rapid growth rate, strong adaptability to the environment, dense inoculation and strong disease resistance. However, with the continuous increase of aquaculture intensification, the pollution of water environment gradually escalates, diseases increase, especially the abuse of chemical drugs, which leads to the deteriorating environment of aquaculture. Therefore, to promote the sustainable development of Penaeus vannamei Development, we must apply modern biotechnology, focusing on the cultivation of pond artificial ecosystem, the development of ecological farming. In ecological farming, we must first pay attention to the following questions: