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社会结构功能主义认为,社会保障制度是工业化以及由此带来的经济发展和社会结构变化的产物。因此,工业化进程较早的欧洲国家率先引入了社会福利制度。东亚国家和地区则效仿了西方社会福利制度,但也只是参考和借鉴,其发展路径和内容却与西方国家大相径庭。儒家文化核心可概括为共同体意识、家庭中心主义和“孝”思想,这种文化背景影响了东亚社会福利制度的形成。
Social structure Functionalism holds that the social security system is a product of industrialization and the consequent changes in economic development and social structure. Therefore, the European countries with the earlier industrialization introduced the social welfare system first. East Asian countries and regions follow the example of western social welfare system, but they are only references and references. Their development paths and contents are quite different from those of Western countries. The core of Confucian culture can be summed up as community consciousness, family-centeredness and “filial piety” thought, which has affected the formation of the social welfare system in East Asia.