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河海交互作用与堆积型大陆架发育,是中国海浅海地貌的主要特色。发源于世界屋脊的大河中有5条汇人中国海,源远流长,携运了巨量泥沙被阻积于岛弧背侧的边缘海中。经过漫长的新生代地质时期,尤其是在中、晚更新世堆积为陆架,并经历着全新世海侵过程中的浪流改造。作者通过近30年对区域海岸海洋研究的成果积累,逐渐认识到:在南黄海-东海海域,分布着一个巨型的三角洲体系:基底的大三角洲是中、晚更新世由古长江、古黄河两条世界级大河输水供沙,受季风波浪和潮流作用形成的,其发育时代应在长江贯通下游汇入黄、东海以后;其上叠置发育了规模逐次减小的古江河三角洲、南黄海辐射沙脊群、全新世—现代长江三角洲和历史时期的废黄河三角洲,组成巨型的复合三角洲体系,表层经全新世以来海侵改造发育了波浪与潮流共同作用的沙脊地貌。大三角洲体系覆盖着东海及南黄海海底,形成大陆架表层沉积地貌。这一巨型的河-海交互作用大陆架、三角洲体系,独具特色,具有重大的研究价值。建议:首先需进行一体化全方位的多项调查,包括遥感影像判识,水深与地震剖面探测,海底底质与钻孔取样,以及现代水文泥沙测量等,阐明其分布与环境特征;再进一步开展多学科交叉研究——地质地理、地貌、沉积、海洋动力、海平面变化与河流变迁、海洋地理信息系统等,期以阐明古扬子大三角洲体系各组成部分分布的范围、沉积组成和地貌特点,以及相互叠置关系。最终期以揭示中、晚更新世以来河-海交互作用过程与动力机制、海岸变迁与陆架堆积发育等基础科学问题,为亚太边缘海与大河相互作用的堆积型陆架发育提供实证,丰富海洋地质学理论。同时,可阐明现代海岸滩涂的蚀、淤动态,为新生土地资源规划利用,物源及陆架海疆权益维护提供重要的科学依据。
The interaction between river and sea and the development of the accumulation type continental shelf are the main characteristics of the shallow sea and landform in the sea of China. Originating from the roof of the world, there are 5 reunites to the Chinese sea. It has a long history of carrying sediments that have been transported to the edge of the back of the arc. After a long period of Cenozoic geology, especially in the Middle and Late Pleistocene accumulation as a shelf, and experienced during the Holocene transgression during the wave transformation. After nearly 30 years of accumulation of the achievements of the research on the regional marine coasts, the author gradually realized that there is a huge delta system in the area of the South Yellow Sea and the East China Sea: the basement of the large delta is mid-and late-Pleistocene. The ancient Yangtze River and the ancient Yellow River two The world-class rivers deliver water to the sand, which is formed by the monsoon wave and tidal current. The developmental age should be after the Yangtze River runs through the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the East China Sea. On the superimposed and developed scale, the ancient river delta and the South Yellow Sea The radiating sand ridges, the Holocene-modern Yangtze River Delta and the waste Yellow River Delta in the historical period form a massive composite delta system. Since the Holocene epicontinental transformation, the surface layer has developed the sandy ridge with wave and tidal current. The Great Delta system covers the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea seabed, forming the continental shelf sedimentary topography. This huge river-sea interaction continental shelf and delta system is unique and of great research value. Suggestion: Firstly, we need to conduct a comprehensive and comprehensive survey, including remote sensing image identification, water depth and seismic profile detection, sea floor sediment and borehole sampling, and modern hydrological and sediment measurements to clarify the distribution and environmental characteristics; then To further carry out multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research - geology and geography, geomorphology, sedimentation, ocean motivation, sea level change and river changes, marine geographic information system, etc., to clarify the distribution of the various components of the Great Yangtze Delta system, sedimentary composition and topography Features, and overlapping relationship. The final phase will reveal the basic scientific problems of the river-sea interaction process and dynamic mechanism since the middle and late Pleistocene, the coastal changes and the accumulation of the continental shelf, and provide empirical evidence for the accumulation of the continental shelf and the interaction between the Asia Pacific margin and the major rivers. Theory of learning. At the same time, it can clarify the erosion and siltation of the modern coastal beach and provide an important scientific basis for the planning and utilization of the newborn land resources and the protection of the source of the land and the protection of the rights and interests of the continental shelves.