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目的:了解医院工作场所暴力事件的流行特征、诱发因素及危害,提出多维度防治措施。方法:运用质性研究方法,对26名医护人员进行半结构化访谈,并进行内容分析。结果:医院暴力多发生在白班,施暴者和受暴者均存在明显的流行特征。医院暴力主要受医疗组织,医疗环境,医方、患方及其互动,客观事件,社会因素等7个因素影响,对医疗工作者、医疗服务质量、医院及社会造成严重影响。结论:医院工作场所暴力事件频发,类型多样,诱发因素复杂,危害严重,应从医方、患方、媒体等多方进行针对性预防。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemic characteristics, evoked factors and harms of violence in the hospital workplace and propose multi-dimensional prevention and control measures. Methods: Using qualitative research methods, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 medical staffs and conducted content analysis. Results: Most of the hospital violence occurred on a day shift, and both the perpetrators and the violent victims had obvious epidemic characteristics. Hospital violence is mainly affected by seven factors: medical organization, medical environment, doctors, patients and their interactions, objective events and social factors, which seriously affect medical workers, medical service quality, hospitals and the society. Conclusion: There are frequent types of violence in the workplace of the hospital, with various types, complex evoked factors and serious harm. Specific prevention measures should be taken from hospitals, patients and the media.