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目的 探讨食管癌高、低发区“正常”人群食管粘膜内微量元素变化与形态学之间关系。方法 X -射线能谱仪扫描电镜分别对高、低发区“正常”人群食管粘膜行微量元素检测及观察。结果 随年龄增长 ,食管粘膜微量元素Zn、Se、Mo含量呈递减趋势 ,Cu、Ni、Ca、Cu/Zn变化则呈递增趋势。高发区各组间Zn、Se、Mo差异显著 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,Cu、Ni、Ca除 2 5岁以上组与 35岁以上组外 ,余各组间差异显著 (p <0 .0 5 )。低发区Se各组间差异显著 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,Zn、Mo除 35与 45岁组外 ,Cu除 2 5与 35岁组外 ,余各组间有差异 (p <0 .0 5 )。形态学显示高发区食管炎和非典型增生发病率明显高于低发区 ,尤以中老年为著。结论 食管癌高发区中、老年食管粘膜内存在多种微量元素失衡 ,可能与食管癌前病变有关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the changes of trace elements in esophageal mucosa and the morphology of “normal” esophageal cancer patients with high and low incidence of esophageal cancer. Methods X - ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM) was used to detect and observe trace elements in esophageal mucosa of “normal” people in high and low incidence areas respectively. Results The contents of trace elements Zn, Se and Mo in esophageal mucosa showed a decreasing trend with age, and the changes of Cu, Ni, Ca and Cu / Zn showed an increasing trend. There were significant differences in Zn, Se and Mo between the two groups (p <0.05). Cu, Ni and Ca were significantly different between the groups of over 5 years old and those over 35 years old (p <0. 0 5). There were significant differences among Se groups in low incidence area (p <0.05). There was significant difference between Cu, except 35 and 45 groups except Cu and 25, 35 (P <0. 0 5). Morphology showed high incidence of esophagitis and atypical hyperplasia was significantly higher incidence of low incidence area, especially in the elderly. Conclusion There are many kinds of trace elements imbalance in esophageal mucosa in esophageal cancer high incidence areas, which may be related to esophageal precancerous lesions.