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目的了解天津市和平区集体园所3～6岁儿童体内钙、铁、锌、镁、铜元素的含量,探讨其缺乏的综合防治措施。方法使用原子吸收光谱仪,以2009年3～5月,参加和平区集体园所体检并化验微量元素的924名3～6岁儿童为检测对象。结果集体园所3～6岁儿童中,微量元素失衡情况较常见,尤其是钙、锌、铁元素,缺锌比率居第1位(15.5%),缺铁居第2位(4.7%),缺钙居第3位(3.9%);不同性别间只有锌元素失衡差异有显著性。不同年龄组儿童缺锌比率差异有显著性,随年龄增长而明显降低;缺钙比率差异有显著性,随年龄增长而明显升高;而铁元素失衡在不同年龄组中变化不明显。结论儿童为生长发育较快时期,易缺乏铁、锌、钙元素,尤其是缺锌、缺铁,易被忽视。应加大宣传及防治力度,强调饮食合理,营养平衡。促进儿童生长发育,减少儿童期慢性病的发生。
Objective To understand the content of calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium and copper in children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Heping District collective garden and discuss the lack of comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods Atomic absorption spectrometer was used to detect 924 children aged 3 ~ 6 years from March to May 2009 who took part in the Heping District Collective Park and examined the trace elements. Results The imbalance of trace elements in children aged 3 ~ 6 years was more common in the collective garden, especially calcium, zinc and iron. The ratio of zinc deficiency was the first (15.5%), the second was iron deficiency (4.7%), Calcium deficiency ranked the third (3.9%); gender differences between the only zinc differences were significant. There was a significant difference in the ratio of zinc deficiency among children of different age groups, which was significantly decreased with age. The difference of calcium deficiency rate was significant and increased significantly with age. However, iron imbalance did not change obviously in different age groups. Conclusion Children are fast growth and development, easy to lack of iron, zinc, calcium, especially zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, easily overlooked. Should increase publicity and prevention efforts, emphasizing a reasonable diet, nutritional balance. Promote children’s growth and development, and reduce the occurrence of childhood chronic diseases.