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以青蒿素为基础的联合用药是疟疾特别是恶性疟现有的首选、最佳疗法,青蒿素类药物需求巨大。青蒿素原料药依旧主要依赖于从药用植物黄花蒿(中药青蒿)提取、分离、纯化,但其在黄花蒿中的含量较低,且含量变异大。黄花蒿分泌型腺毛是合成、分泌、积累及储存青蒿素的场所,腺毛的正常发育直接关系到青蒿素的产量。提高青蒿素产量、降低生产成本有重大意义,也是当前国际研究热点。该文介绍了青蒿素体内生物合成的分子机制和代谢调控,以及青蒿素合成器腺毛的研究进展,这些将为开拓新的方法来提高植物来源青蒿素的产量提供帮助。
Artemisinin-based combination therapy is the preferred and best available treatment for malaria, especially falciparum malaria, and there is a huge demand for artemisinin-based drugs. Artemisinin API still rely mainly on medicinal plant Artemisia annua (Artemisia annua) extraction, separation, purification, but its content in Artemisia annua low, and the content of large variation. Artemisia annua secretion glandular hair is the synthesis, secretion, accumulation and storage of artemisinin place, the normal development of glandular hair is directly related to artemisinin production. It is of great significance to increase the output of artemisinin and reduce the cost of production. It is also a hot spot of current international research. This article describes the molecular mechanisms and metabolic regulation of artemisinin biosynthesis in vivo, and the progress of research on artemisinin synthetior glandular hairs, which will help to develop new methods to increase the production of plant artemisinin.