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维生素D在机体钙平衡的调节中起着重要作用，同时维生素D对免疫／炎症系统也有调节作用。低维生素D水平可增加发生急性感染的风险，并加重其不良结局。血清维生素D水平在慢性炎症性疾病（如动脉粥样硬化性心血管病、哮喘、炎症性肠病、慢性肾脏疾病、非酒精性脂肪肝病等）的发病中具有多效性，其在炎症性疾病的炎症／免疫应答机制中发挥重要作用。“,”Beyond its critical function in calcium homeostasis , vitamin D has recently been found to modulate the immune/inflammation system.Lower vitamin D level can increase the risk and unfavorable out-come of acute infection.Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular dis-ease,asthma,inflammatory bowel disease,chronic kidney disease,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,tend to have lower vitamin D level,which may play a pleiotropic role in the pathogenesis of the disease,thus is important in regulating immune/inflammatory responses in inflammatory diseases .