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为促进农田流失养分的循环利用,2009、2010年以粳稻品种运2645为供试材料,设计农田施用水葫芦(将晒干水葫芦按4 500 kg hm-2农田施用)、不施用水葫芦处理和施氮(N)量为120 kg hm-2(LN)、240 kg hm-2(NN)处理,研究其对水稻不同生育时期磷(P)素含量、吸收、分配和利用效率的影响.结果表明:1)农田施用水葫芦后,水稻不同生育时期植株含P率显著提高,各生育时期P素吸收量显著提高;2)农田施用水葫芦对水稻不同生育时期P素在茎鞘、叶片和穗中分配比例均无显著影响;3)农田施用水葫芦后,除够苗期外,水稻不同生育时期P素干物质生产效率极显著降低,P素籽粒效率显著降低,但P素收获指数无显著变化;4)农田施用水葫芦后,水稻产量显著提高;5)增施N肥后,水稻不同生育时期的植株P素含量和吸收量多得到显著或极显著的增加,P素干物质生产效率和P素籽粒生产效率多明显下降;6)水葫芦×N处理对稻株P素吸收利用多无显著互作效应;农田施用水葫芦使水稻植株含P率、P素吸收量显著提高,使P素干物质生产效率和P素籽粒生产效率多显著降低.
In order to promote the recycling of nutrient lost in farmland, water hyacinth was designed for farmland (using sun-dried water hyacinth at 4 500 kg hm-2 farmland) without applying water hyacinth And nitrogen (N) content of 120 kg hm-2 (LN) and 240 kg hm-2 (NN) on the phosphorus content, absorption, distribution and utilization efficiency of rice at different growth stages. The results showed as follows: 1) After application of water hyacinth in farmland, the P content of plants in different growth stages of rice increased significantly and P uptake increased significantly in each growth stage. 2) (P> 0.05) .3) After application of water hyacinth to farmland, except for the seedling stage, the P production efficiency significantly decreased at different growth stages and the P efficiency significantly decreased, but the P-harvest index No significant change; 4) After the application of water hyacinth in farmland, the yield of rice significantly increased; 5) After adding N fertilizer, the P content and absorption of plant in different growth stages of rice increased significantly or significantly, Production efficiency and P-grain production efficiency decreased significantly; 6) water hyacinth × N treatment had no significant interaction effect on the P uptake and utilization of rice plants. Water hyacinth in farmland increased the P content and P uptake of rice plants significantly, and significantly increased the production efficiency of P dry matter and P production efficiency reduce.