肾脏是人体泌尿系统的重要器官,除了排泄功能外,尚有调节水、电解质(如钾、钠、氯、钙等)和酸碱平衡的作用。如何保护肾脏、预防慢性肾脏病,应做到以下几点:1.充分喝水不憋尿。尿在膀胱中储存太久,很容易使细菌繁殖,而细菌又很可能经输尿管感染到肾盂。每天喝足够的水并及时排尿,不仅可以预防尿路感染,还可减少尿路结石的发生。2.平衡膳食,不可暴饮暴食。人吃下大量的动植物性蛋白质后,最后的代谢产物——尿酸及尿素氮等都需要由肾脏负担排除,故暴饮暴食有损肾 The kidney is an important organ of the human urinary system, in addition to excretion function, there is regulation of water, electrolytes (such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, etc.) and acid-base balance effect. How to protect the kidneys, prevention of chronic kidney disease, should do the following: 1. Urine stored in the bladder too long, it is easy to reproduce bacteria, and bacteria are likely to be infected by the ureter to the renal pelvis. Drink enough water daily and urinate in time, not only can prevent urinary tract infection, but also reduce the incidence of urinary tract stones. 2 balanced diet, not overeating. People eat a lot of animal and plant protein, the final metabolite - uric acid and urea nitrogen need to be ruled out by the kidneys, so overeating is harmful to the kidney