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通过田间试验研究吉林省中部黑土区保护性耕作玉米不同生育期土壤酶活与土壤养分以及微生物区系的相关性。结果表明,土壤脲酶在玉米收获后与土壤全氮、全磷极显著相关;在灌浆期以后与土壤pH值极显著相关;在播种前、拔节期和收获后与土壤碱解氮含量显著相关;与土壤有效磷和速效钾没有表现出明显的相关性;与土壤微生物数量没有表现出相关性。土壤磷酸酶(酸性、碱性和中性)在玉米关键生育期与土壤全氮和全磷显著或极显著相关;与有效磷、速效钾和pH值(负相关)除灌浆期以外均表现了较为明显的相关性,说明土壤磷酸酶活性受土壤养分状况及pH值的影响十分显著;磷酸酶在播种前与土壤微生物数量达到极显著相关,但在玉米生长后期没有表现有规律的相关性。土壤酶活性与土壤有机质含量均表现了较好的相关性,与土壤全钾含量没有表现出明显的相关性。
Field experiment was conducted to study the correlation between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients and microbial flora at different growth stages of protective tillage maize in the black soil region of central Jilin Province. The results showed that soil urease was significantly correlated with soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus after harvesting, but significantly correlated with soil pH after filling stage. There was a significant correlation between soil urease and nitrogen before jointing, jointing and harvesting. No significant correlation with soil available P and available K, and no correlation with soil microbial quantity. Soil phosphatase (acid, alkaline and neutral) was significantly or extremely significantly correlated with soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus at the critical growth stage of maize except for the available phosphorus, available potassium and pH (except the grain filling stage) The results showed that soil phosphatase activity was significantly affected by soil nutrient status and pH value. Phosphatase had a significant correlation with soil microbial number before sowing, but no correlation was found at the later stage of maize growth. Soil enzyme activity and soil organic matter content showed a good correlation, and soil total potassium did not show a significant correlation.