乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)主要经血、母婴及性接触传播[1]。母婴传播主要发生在围产期,多为在分娩时接触HBV阳性母亲的血液和体液传播。据报道,新生儿出生后若不及时采取免疫阻断措施,HBsAg单阳性母亲所生婴儿在围产期感染HBV的危险性为5%～20%,HBsAg和HBeAg双阳性母亲所生婴儿感染HBV的危险性可达70%～90%[2]。新生儿感染HBV后,90%可 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is mainly transmitted by blood, mother and infant and sexual contact [1]. Maternal-to-infant transmission occurs mainly in the perinatal period, mostly in the blood and body fluids that come into contact with HBV-positive mothers during childbirth. It is reported that if the newborn is not promptly taken after the birth of immunosuppressive measures, HBsAg single positive mothers born in the risk of perinatal infection with HBV risk of 5% to 20%, HBsAg and HBeAg-positive mothers born infants infected with HBV The danger of up to 70% to 90% [2]. Newborns infected with HBV, 90% can be