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目的探讨人参皂苷Rg1对脑缺血大鼠诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)表达的影响及其作用机制。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、单纯缺血组、人参皂苷Rg1 10、20、40 mg.kg-1处理组(Rg1低、中、高剂量组)、尼莫地平1 mg.kg-1阳性药物处理组(control组),每组10只。采用右侧大脑中动脉阻断法制备局灶性脑缺血模型,于动物清醒后进行神经功能评分;采用免疫组化技术检测大脑皮层缺血2 h后iNOS、eNOS的表达。结果假手术组大脑皮层区偶见iNOS及少量eNOS阳性细胞;单纯缺血组可见大量iNOS阳性细胞及少量eNOS阳性细胞;与单纯缺血组比较,人参皂苷Rg1各组iNOS阳性细胞数显著降低,eNOS阳性细胞数显著增多。结论人参皂苷Rg1对大鼠局灶性脑缺血具有保护作用,其可能通过下调脑组织iN-OS、上调eNOS的表达发挥作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in rats with focal cerebral ischemia and its mechanism. Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, ischemia group, ginsenoside Rg1 10,20,40 mg.kg-1 treatment group (Rg1 low, medium and high dose group), nimodipine 1 mg kg-1 positive drug treatment group (control group), each group of 10. The model of focal cerebral ischemia was established by blocking the right middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Neurological scores were evaluated after the animals were awake. The expressions of iNOS and eNOS were detected by immunohistochemistry 2 h after cerebral ischemia. Results In the sham operation group, iNOS and a few eNOS positive cells were detected occasionally in the cerebral cortex. A large number of iNOS positive cells and a few eNOS positive cells were observed in the ischemic group. Compared with the ischemia group, the number of iNOS positive cells in the ginsenoside Rg1 groups was significantly decreased eNOS positive cells increased significantly. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg1 has a protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia in rats and may play a role in down-regulation of iN-OS and up-regulation of eNOS expression.