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[目的]研究播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量和施钾量5个主要栽培因素对甘蓝型优质杂交油菜品质性状的影响。[方法]以‘油研599’和‘三北98’为材料,运用五元二次正交旋转组合设计进行试验研究。[结果]芥酸含量与播期、施氮量间均呈负相关,与密度呈正相关;硫苷含量与播期呈负相关、与施钾量呈正相关;含油率与播期、施氮量间均呈负相关,与密度、施钾量呈正相关;种子蛋白质含量与播期、施氮量间均呈正相关,与密度、施钾量呈负相关;油酸含量与施磷量呈负相关,与施氮量呈正相关;棕榈酸含量与施钾量呈负相关,与’油研599’的播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量均呈正相关,与’三北98’的播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量均呈负相关;硬脂酸含量与播期、密度、施磷量、施钾量间均呈正相关;亚油酸含量与密度、施氮量呈正相关,与施钾量呈负相关;亚麻酸含量与施氮量、施钾量呈正相关;廿碳烯酸含量与播期呈负相关。栽培因素对品质性状的影响有的呈相关,有的呈负相关,正负相关会发生部份相互抵消,每一个处理品质性状的表现都是5个因素综合作用的结果。在5个因素与10个品质性状的50对简单相关中,有26对在2个品种中表现一致,有24对在2个品种中表现不一致。播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量4因素对2个品种芥酸含量的影响较大、播期、密度、施氮量、施钾量4个因素对2个品种棕榈酸含量的影响较小。[结论]多个栽培因素的综合作用不能根本性的改善杂交油菜的品质性状。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of sowing date, planting density, nitrogen application rate, phosphorus application rate and potassium application rate on quality traits of Brassica napus. [Method] With “Yanyan 599” and “Sanbei 98” as materials, experimental research was carried out by five quadratic orthogonal rotation combined design. [Result] There was a negative correlation between erucic acid content and sowing date and nitrogen application rate, which had a positive correlation with density. The contents of glucosinolate and sowing date were negatively correlated with the sowing date, , But negatively correlated with the density and K application rate. There was a positive correlation between seed protein content and sowing date and N application rate, but negatively with density and K application rate. Oleic acid content was negatively correlated with P application rate , And had a positive correlation with N application rate. There was a negative correlation between palmitic acid content and K application rate, which was positively correlated with Sowing 599 ’sowing date, planting density, N application rate and P application rate. The content of stearic acid was positively correlated with the sowing date, the density, the phosphorus application rate and the potassium application rate. The linoleic acid content was positively correlated with the density and the nitrogen application rate , But negatively correlated with the amount of potassium applied. The content of linolenic acid was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. The content of eicosenoic acid was negatively correlated with the sowing date. Cultivated factors have some negative correlations with the quality traits, some negative correlations, and some negative correlations with each other. The performance of each quality trait is the result of five factors. Among 50 pairs of simple correlations between 5 factors and 10 quality traits, 26 pairs were consistent in 2 varieties and 24 pairs showed inconsistency in 2 varieties. The effects of sowing date, planting density, nitrogen application rate and phosphorus application rate on the erucic acid content of the two cultivars were significant. The effects of sowing date, planting density, nitrogen application rate and potassium application rate on the palmitic acid content of the two cultivars Smaller. [Conclusion] The comprehensive effect of multiple cultivation factors could not fundamentally improve the quality traits of hybrid rape.