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在地层倾角较大地区,尤其是通过钻孔见煤深度推断的地层倾角变化较大地区,钻孔之间的地层及构造变化情况,若仅依靠钻孔资料,可能会得出与事实相反的结论。大倾角地层地区的地震勘探,须解决的地质问题主要有:受构造运动影响,煤系地层被风化剥蚀后,与新生界呈不不整合接触关系的煤层露头点;背斜轴部发育的褶曲、断层以及煤层赋存形态的变化;受大断层的牵引作用,其附近地层倾角变化及小断层的发育情况。在地震资料处理时,对干涉波应采用炮炮计算切除量及去线性干扰模块进行切除;并认为偏移处理中的层速度,做沿层平滑较均方根速度平滑更加合理。在进行解释时,应注意分辨不同的波形特征及断点识别标志。实例表明:地震勘探可以准确地控制单斜地层因断层导致的背斜构造及地层倾角变化情况。
Strata and structural changes between boreholes in areas with large dip angles, especially in inferred dip angles of boreholes through drilling, may result in the opposite of the truth if drilling data alone is used in conclusion. The geological problems to be solved in the area with high dip angle are as follows: the outcrops of coal seam which are affected by the tectonic movement, the coal strata weathered and eroded, and have no contact relationship with Cenozoic; the fold , Faults and the occurrence patterns of coal seams. It is affected by the traction of large faults, the change of dip near strata, and the development of small faults. In the seismic data processing, the interference wave should be used to calculate the removal of artillery gun and remove the line to remove the interference module; and that the offset layer velocity, so smooth along the layer than the average rms speed smoother and more reasonable. In explaining, should pay attention to distinguish between different waveform features and breakpoint identification mark. The examples show that the seismic exploration can accurately control the monoclinic stratum due to the fault caused by the anticline and strata dip changes.