论文部分内容阅读
1 引言 随着世界各国体育运动技术水平的不断提高,训练方法和手段也在不断地改进,尤其对各项目运动员的心理特征及选材的研究,越来越被人们所重视。实践证明,优秀运动员的成长因素是多方面的,即不仅需要运动员具有超群的身体素质、极大的生理潜力和遗传方面的优势,而且还需要有运用、动员、发挥这些优势的心理能力。在运动训练中,心理训练已成为重要的组成部分。这是体育科学发展和现代化科学训练的必然趋势。 研究各项目的心理特征,从目前来看,已取得了一定的成绩。但是,国内外对这方面的研究,主要集中于成年及优秀运动员,尚缺乏对业余体校的少儿运动员的研究;另外,由于国内业余体校的训练条件、测试仪器较简陋等原因,给广大教练员们的选材工作也带来一定的困难。为此,本文拟通过几项简单、实用的心理学指标的测试,为业余体校少儿游泳运动员选材及训练提供参考。
1 Introduction With the continuous improvement of the technical level of sports in various countries in the world, training methods and means are constantly improving. In particular, the research on the psychological characteristics and material selection of athletes in various fields has drawn more and more attention. Practice has proved that elite athletes’ growth factors are multifaceted, that is, they not only need athletes to have superior physical quality, great physical and genetic advantages, but also have the psychological ability to use, mobilize and exert these advantages. In sports training, psychological training has become an important part. This is an inevitable trend of scientific development of sports science and modern science training. Study of the psychological characteristics of the project, from the current point of view, has made some achievements. However, the researches in this field at home and abroad focus mainly on adult and elite athletes. However, there is still a lack of research on children’s athletes in amateur sports schools. In addition, due to the training conditions of domestic amateur sports schools and the simpler test equipment, The selection of coaches also brought some difficulties. Therefore, this article intends to provide some references for the selection and training of children’s swimmers in amateur sports schools through several simple and practical tests of psychological indicators.