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以小麦品种济南１７７、３８４、４７１的幼胚和济南１７７的胚性愈伤组织为材料，质粒为ｐＰＰＩ２［含大麦黄矮病毒外壳蛋白（ＣＰ）基因和ＧＵＳ（β－葡萄糖苷酸酶）基因］；ｐＰＰＩ５（含ＣＰ基因）＋ｐＥｍｕＧＮ（含ＧＵＳ基因），用高速基因枪轰击钨粉质粒进入幼胚和胚性愈伤组织细胞．ＧＵＳ基因的瞬间表达平均频率幼胚约为４２％，愈伤组织为１８．５％．转化处理后用ＰＣＲ扩增技术检测植株中ＣＰ基因是否存在并稳定遗传．检测结果表明，来源于幼胚的Ｔ０代转化频率为２～９％（１９９３～１９９４年），并获得Ｔ１、Ｔ２和Ｔ３代稳定表达的转化植株．用愈伤组织转化，其转化频率３月龄者为０．４％；２年龄者为零．潮霉素（Ｈｍ）用于对转化幼胚和愈伤组织的筛选，低浓度时不能抑制非转化细胞的生长，高浓度则使细胞受伤害，不能再生正常健壮的植株
The embryogenic callus of Jinan 177,384,471 and Jinan 177 embryos were used as materials, and the plasmids were pPPI2 [containing barley yellow dwarf virus coat protein (CP) gene and GUS (β-glucuronidase) gene ]; PPPI5 (containing CP gene) + pEmuGN (containing GUS gene), bombardment of tungsten powder with high-speed gene gun into immature embryos and embryogenic callus cells. The average frequency of transient expression of GUS gene was about 42% in immature embryos and 18.5% in callus. After transformation, PCR was used to detect the presence and stability of CP gene in plants. The results showed that the frequency of T0 generation derived from immature embryos was from 2 to 9% (from 1993 to 1994), and the transformed plants stably expressing at T1, T2 and T3 generations were obtained. With callus transformation, the conversion frequency of 3-month-old was 0.4%; 2-year-old were zero. Hygromycin (Hm) is used to screen for transformed immature embryos and callus. Low concentrations of Hm can not inhibit the growth of non-transformed cells. Hm is injurious to cells and can not regenerate normal and robust plants